Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2383-0298 9 1 2022 03 29 The Antibacterial Analysis of Alcohol-Free and Alcohol-Based Chlorhexidine Mouthwashes Against Oral Bacteria 16 20 10.34172/ajcmi.2022.03 EN Hojatollah Yousefimanesh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0844-2295 Maryam Robati Atefeh Piri Azardokht Khosravi Boroujeni Mehrandokht Sirous Journal Article 10.34172/ajcmi.2022.03 2021 08 09 2021 12 25 Background: Chlorhexidine (CHX) is the gold standard chemical agent against oral pathogenic bacteria and is widely used for plaque/gingivitis control. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of alcohol-based and alcohol-free CHX mouthwashes on oral microorganisms. Methods: In the present in vitro study, the standard strains of four microorganisms present in the oral cavity were prepared, including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus casei. The serial dilutions of CHX antimicrobial agents were obtained, and the level of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined using the broth dilution method. Finally, data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and SPSS-16. Results: The MIC values of 0.12% and 0.2% alcohol-free CHX and 0.2% alcohol-based CHX for S. mutans were 1.17, 0.48, and 0.24 µg/mL, respectively. The MBC values of 0.12% and 0.2% alcohol-free CHX and 0.2% alcohol-based CHX for S. mutans were 18.78, 7.81, and 7.81 µg/mL, respectively. The MIC and MBC values of the tested CHX mouthwashes for S. mutans were significant (P≤0.05). Conclusions: Overall, the 0.2% alcohol-based CHX mouthwash had the highest antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria.