Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2383-0298 1 3 2014 10 01 Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Among Injection Drug Users and Non-Injection Drug Users in Hamadan, West of Iran 22343 22343 10.17795/ajcmi-22343 EN Fariba Keramat Mojgan Mamani Mahdi Samadi Somaieh Mohammadnezhad Peyman Eini Abbas Moradi Journal Article 10.17795/ajcmi-22343 2014 07 27 2014 09 21 Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a self-limited hepatitis and the most common cause of acute adult hepatitis in Asia. Young adults and middle-aged populations are more likely to be infected than other age groups. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-HEV among injection drug users (IDUs) compared to nonIDUs. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed on 131 IDUs referred to Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan, Iran and 131 nonIDUs selected from healthy visitors between March 2011 and March 2012. Anti-HEV IgG was measured in serum by ELISA method (DiaPro, Milan, Italy). Data including age, gender, education, location and duration of injection drug used were collected using a questionnaire. Results: In this study, the seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus antibody among IDUs group was 6.1%, and 1.5% among non-IDU group (Odds Ratio = 5.48; CI = 1/069-22/84), indicating that injection drug users were almost five and a half times more than non-IDUs at risk of HEV infection (P = 0.053). There was no significant association between seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus and education level (P = 0.46), duration of injection (P = 0.38) and location (P = 0.19). Conclusions: Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus among IDUs group was higher than non-IDU group, which might be due to possible blood transmission of HEV among IDUs.