Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2383-0298 5 4 2018 12 01 Prevalence of SHV, TEM, CTX-M and OXA-48 β-Lactamase Genes in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Bandar-Abbas, Iran 86 90 10.34172/ajcmi.2018.18 EN Maryam Bahrami https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4849-3919 Maryam Mmohammadi-Sichani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8716-8863 Vajihe Karbasizadeh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3765-8151 Journal Article 10.34172/ajcmi.2018.18 2018 07 17 2018 12 02 Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causes of opportunistic infections. Carbapenems are administrated for the treatment of resistant infections due to this bacterium. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaOXA-48 beta-lactamase genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive study, 96 isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from clinical samples in Bandar Abbas. All isolates were identified by biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility was examined by disk diffusion method. The presence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM and blaOXA-48 genes was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction using a specific primer. Results: In this study, 76 isolates of P. aeruginosa (79.2%) were resistant to at least one carbapenem. The highest bacterial resistance (100%) was obtained to nalidixic acid (30 µg), followed by tetracycline (30 µg) and amoxicillin (25 µg). The frequencies of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM and blaOXA-48 genes were 23.95% (23 isolates), 23.08% (26 isolates), 57.29% (55 isolates) and 12.5% (12 isolate), respectively. Sixty isolates resistant to carbapenems (78.9%) carried at least one resistant gene (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaOXA-48) and 16 isolates (21.1%) did not have any of these genes. Conclusions: This study revealed the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant phenotype of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates and the frequency of extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes have increased.