Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs) and their antibiotic
resistance patterns among patients referred to a clinical laboratory in Isfahan, Iran, during 2014 - 2015.
Methods: In this retrospective study, the data of urine culture tests which were performed from May 2014 to March 2015 at the Dr.
Sharifi Clinical Laboratory were recorded and analyzed. A total of 4,506 patients with urine culture testing were included. Antimicrobial
susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method according to the CLSI criteria. The gathered data were
then analyzed with SPSS software using descriptive tests.
Results: Among the 4,506 studied patients with urine cultures, 300 (6.65%) and 4,206 (93.35%) urine samples showed positive and
negative bacterial growth, respectively. The rates of urine cultures with bacterial growth for women andmen were 90.66% and 9.44%,
respectively. With regard to the bacterial growth, 90.33% were Gram-negative and 9.67% were Gram-positive. The most common
isolated agent was Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella spp. The highest rate of resistance was seen for penicillin and ampicillin in
all isolates, and the lowest resistance rate was observed for ciprofloxacin and gentamycin.
Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that antimicrobial resistance among the causative agents of UTIs is high in
Isfahan, and treatment of UTIs based on antibiotic-susceptibility test results can be suggested.